There are several solutions to this problem but I think that a nice one is by adding attributes to a function. Here is a simple example:
f <- function(x) {
y <- attr(f, "sum")
if (is.null(y)) {
y <- 0
}
y <- x + y
attr(f, "sum") <<- y
return(y)
}
> for (i in 1:5) cat(i, ": ", f(i), "\n", sep="")
1: 1
2: 3
3: 6
4: 10
5: 15
As it can be seen attribute "sum" is static but it can be thought of as local because it is not stored directly as a variable in global environment.
And here is the application of the concept to the problem of plotting several qplots in a sequence:
library(ggplot2)
library(grid)
# setup the ploting
grid and plotting sequence
mplot.setup <- function(nrow, ncol, by.row = TRUE) {
attributes(mplot.seq) <<- list(nrow = nrow, ncol = ncol,
pos = 0, by.row = by.row)
grid.newpage()
pushViewport(viewport(layout = grid.layout(nrow, ncol)))
}
# plot at given
grid location
mplot <- function(graph, row, col) {
print(graph, vp = viewport(layout.pos.row = row,
layout.pos.col = col))
}
# plot the at the
next position in the sequence
mplot.seq <- function(graph) {
pos <- attr(mplot.seq, "pos")
nrow <- attr(mplot.seq, "nrow")
ncol <- attr(mplot.seq, "ncol")
if (attr(mplot.seq, "by.row")) {
col <- 1 + (pos %% ncol)
row <- 1 + ((pos %/% ncol) %% nrow)
} else {
row <- 1 + (pos %% nrow)
col <- 1 + ((pos %/% nrow) %% ncol)
}
attr(mplot.seq, "pos") <<- pos + 1
mplot(graph, row, col)
}
# application
example
mplot.setup(2,4, FALSE)
for (i in 1:4) {
mplot.seq(qplot(iris[,i], xlab = names(iris)[i]))
mplot.seq(qplot(iris[,5], iris[,i], geom = "boxplot",
xlab = "Species", ylab = names(iris)[i]) + coord_flip())
}
The following plot is produced by the above code:
I was looking for something like a singleton pattern in R to keep objects that are expensive to load and this is the best approach I found so far. Thanks for that!
ReplyDeletePreviously I was playing with globals but this is messy and lintr was complaining about it.
This is how I used it to load the biomaRt object.
load_biomart <- function() {
ensembl <- attr(load_biomart, "cached_ensembl")
if (is.null(ensembl)) {
## Loads ensembl biomart for Homo sapiens ensembl = useMart('ensembl',dataset='hsapiens_gene_ensembl')
futile.logger::flog.info("Loading biomart for the first time")
ensembl_mart <- biomaRt::useMart("ENSEMBL_MART_ENSEMBL", host = "www.ensembl.org")
dataset <- "hsapiens_gene_ensembl"
ensembl <- biomaRt::useDataset(dataset, mart = ensembl_mart)
attr(load_biomart, "cached_ensembl") <<- ensembl
} else {
futile.logger::flog.info("Returning cached biomart")
}
ensembl
}